The river-runoff forcing data set is a climatology from AWI (Prange, 2001, 2002) which is based on raw data from the Global River Data Center (GRDC) in Koblenz, Germany. The data set contains monthly runoff for thirteen major arctic rivers. The river names and locations are illustrated on a map. Some additional background discussion on river-runoff data sets is given here.
The annual gauged volume flux is 2456 km3 a-1. The spatial and temporal variation of this flux in units of m3 s-1 is given in a table. To convert the values in the table to units of km3 a-1 multiply by 0.0315.
The annual ungauged volume flux is estimated at 700 km3 a-1. For AOMIP experiments, the ungauged river inflow is to be distributed among each of the thirteen major rivers in proportion to their gauged inflow. To incorporate the ungauged runoff into the gauged runoff we therefore multiply the gauged runoff by the factor 1.3 (i.e, 1 + 700/2456).
Using the above estimate of ungauged flow, the total (gauged + ungauged) volume flux is about 3200 km3 a-1, and is in good agreement with current estimates (Aagaard and Carmack, 1989). The spatial and temporal variation of this flux in units of m3 s-1 is given in a table and as a line chart.The total volume fluxes are to be inputted at the model grid box closest to the model's river mouth. Distributing the runoff at several model grid points, in the proximity of the mouth, is also acceptable practice.
The location of river mouth in a model will depend on details of the arctic coastline as represented in that model. AOMIP modeling groups will each make their own decision about the exact placement of river mouths. The approximate locations of the river mouths may be taken from a map or a table.
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